Learn how to use prefixed and independent prepositions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah: Hello and welcome to hebrewpod101.com. This is Lower Beginner Series Season 1, Lesson 2 - Asking for Directions in Hebrew. I’m your host, Sherah! |
| Amir: And I am Amir. |
| Sherah: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use prefixed and independent prepositions. |
| Amir: The conversation takes place at the airport in Israel |
| Sherah: It’s between Anna and Ram, an immigration representative. |
| Amir: The speakers are strangers and they’ll be using informal Hebrew. |
| Sherah: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| אנה: שלום, שמי אנה שחר. ירדתי ממטוס עכשיו. איפה האוטובוס לקיבוץ יגור? |
| Anna: Shalom, sh’mi Anna Shaħar. Ya’rad’ti mi-matos akh’shav. Eifo ha-otobus le-kibutz yagur? |
| רם: שלום אנה. ברוכה הבאה לישראל. |
| Ram: Shalom Anna. Brukhah ha-ba’ah li-yis’ra’el. |
| אנה: תודה. |
| Anna: Todah. |
| רם: האוטובוס לקיבוץ יגור נמצא בחוץ בצד ימין. יש שם שלט על האוטובוס. |
| Ram: Ha-otobus le-kibutz yagur nim’tza ba-ħutz be-tzad yamin. Yesh sham shelet al ha-otobus. |
| אנה: תודה רבה. |
| Anna: Todah rabah. |
| רם: בהצלחה אנה |
| Ram: Be-hatz’laħah Anna. |
| Sherah: Let’s listen to the conversation one more time, slowly. |
| אנה: שלום, שמי אנה שחר. ירדתי ממטוס עכשיו. איפה האוטובוס לקיבוץ יגור? |
| Anna: Shalom, sh’mi Anna Shaħar. Ya’rad’ti mi-matos akh’shav. Eifo ha-otobus le-kibutz yagur? |
| רם: שלום אנה. ברוכה הבאה לישראל. |
| Ram: Shalom Anna. Brukhah ha-ba’ah li-yis’ra’el. |
| אנה: תודה. |
| Anna: Todah. |
| רם: האוטובוס לקיבוץ יגור נמצא בחוץ בצד ימין. יש שם שלט על האוטובוס. |
| Ram: Ha-otobus le-kibutz yagur nim’tza ba-ħutz be-tzad yamin. Yesh sham shelet al ha-otobus. |
| אנה: תודה רבה. |
| Anna: Todah rabah. |
| רם: בהצלחה אנה |
| Ram: Be-hatz’laħah Anna. |
| Sherah: Now, let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| אנה: שלום, שמי אנה שחר. ירדתי ממטוס עכשיו. איפה האוטובוס לקיבוץ יגור? |
| Anna: Shalom, sh’mi Anna Shaħar. Ya’rad’ti mi-matos akh’shav. Eifo ha-otobus le-kibutz yagur? |
| Anna: Hello. My name is Anna Shachar. I got off a plane just now. Where is the bus to Kibbutz Yagur? |
| רם: שלום אנה. ברוכה הבאה לישראל. |
| Ram: Shalom Anna. Brukhah ha-ba’ah li-yis’ra’el. |
| Ram: Hello, Anna. Welcome to Israel. |
| אנה: תודה. |
| Anna: Todah. |
| Anna: Thank you. |
| רם: האוטובוס לקיבוץ יגור נמצא בחוץ בצד ימין. יש שם שלט על האוטובוס. |
| Ram: Ha-otobus le-kibutz yagur nim’tza ba-ħutz be-tzad yamin. Yesh sham shelet al ha-otobus. |
| Ram: The bus to Kibbutz Yagur is outside on the right side. There is a sign on the bus. |
| אנה: תודה רבה. |
| Anna: Todah rabah. |
| Anna: Many thanks. |
| רם: בהצלחה אנה |
| Ram: Be-hatz’laħah Anna. |
| Ram: Good luck, Anna. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah: Many new immigrants like Anna choose to spend their first months in Israel on a kibbutz. |
| Amir: A kibbutz is a communal settlement where members share everything, including the work and the profits of their work. |
| Sherah: Kibbutzim are a very important part of Israeli history, because they developed out of a need for survival. |
| Amir: The first settlers in Palestine were often attacked by other people in the region and had to try to survive financially and materially. |
| Sherah: The best way to survive was to form a small communal settlement. In 1909, the first kibbutz was founded near the Sea of Galilee by 12 people, and it was called Deganiya. |
| Amir: The culture of each kibbutz varied, but all of the kibbutzim shared the work and income from the kibbutz equally. |
| Sherah: Part of living as a community meant eating all their meals in the dining hall together, celebrating holidays together, and working as a whole. |
| Amir: Even children used to be raised together in a children’s home, and people couldn’t have their own private possessions. |
| Sherah: These are some of the things that unified the people in the kibbutz, but it also began to erode the whole system. |
| Amir: Until the 1970s, kibbutzim thrived. Today, unless the kibbutz is doing extremely well, they’ve probably changed to a more privatized existence. |
| Sherah: Yes, the kibbutz today is different than it used to be. Now let’s move on to the vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Sherah: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Sherah: The first word we shall see is... |
| Amir: שמי [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: my name |
| Amir: שמי [slowly - broken down by syllable] שמי [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: ברוך הבא [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: welcome |
| Amir: ברוך הבא [slowly - broken down by syllable] ברוך הבא [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: אוטובוס [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: bus |
| Amir: אוטובוס [slowly - broken down by syllable] אוטובוס [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: לרדת/ירד [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to go down |
| Amir: לרדת/ירד [slowly - broken down by syllable] לרדת/ירד [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: להימצא/נמצא [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to be found |
| Amir: להימצא/נמצא [slowly - broken down by syllable] להימצא/נמצא [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: בחוץ [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: on the outside |
| Amir: בחוץ [slowly - broken down by syllable] בחוץ [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: שלט [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: sign |
| Amir: שלט [slowly - broken down by syllable] שלט [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: קיבוץ [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: kibbutz - a communal settlement |
| Amir: קיבוץ [slowly - broken down by syllable] קיבוץ [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: בהצלחה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Good luck, Good luck with success |
| Amir: בהצלחה [slowly - broken down by syllable] בהצלחה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: And last... |
| Amir: תודה רבה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: many thanks |
| Amir: תודה רבה [slowly - broken down by syllable] תודה רבה [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is לרדת. |
| Amir: לרדת means “to go down” or “to come down”. |
| Sherah: This verb can be used in many different situations - for instance, you can use it to talk about getting out of a car or a bus. |
| Amir: You can also use it if you are going south in the country, like if you were going down to Eilat. |
| Sherah: Right, אני יורדת לאילת. I am going down to Eilat. Well,that’s always fun. |
| Amir: You can also use it to say that you have lost weight or ירדתי במשקל. |
| Sherah: The last expression you can use it for is to talk about someone who has emigrated from Israel or left Israel. They would be יורד מן הארץ. |
| Amir: The next word we want to talk about is בחוץ. |
| Sherah: This is made of two words, the preposition -ב which means “on the” and ,חוץ which means “outside”, so together this means “on the outside”. |
| Amir: This can also mean “externally”. |
| Sherah: The last word that we want to talk about is בהצלחה or “good luck”. |
| Amir: We say this a lot in Israel, but technically it doesn’t translate as “good luck”. |
| Sherah: No, it doesn’t. The literal translation is “with success”. |
| Amir: You can say it as a positive wish, or you could use it ironically. |
| Sherah: I really like to wish people בהצלחה, because it has a real positive feeling to it. |
| Amir: Wishing someone luck seems so random, whereas wishing someone success is more like you believe in their abilities. |
| Sherah: Maybe that’s why I like it. Okay, let’s move on to the Grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Sherah: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use prefixed and independent prepositions.. . |
| Amir: In Hebrew, there are two different types of prepositions. |
| Sherah: Right, there are a handful of prepositions that are attached to the noun they modify, and then there are other prepositions that are independent from the noun they modify. |
| Amir: In our dialogue, there were examples of both. There were three prefixed prepositions that appeared in the dialogue... -ב, -ל and -מ. |
| Sherah: Let’s start with our sample sentence from the dialogue. Ram said, האוטובוס לקיבוץ יגור בחוץ בצד ימין. The first preposition in that sentence is -ל and in this case it means “to”. |
| Amir: The preposition -ב appears twice in the rest of the sentence. Here it means “on”. |
| Sherah: When you have a prefixed preposition, most of the time the prefix will be followed by a shva vowel, which is a short “e” sound. |
| Amir: The vowel may change to a long “ee” sound depending on the first letter of the noun it’s attached to, but most of the time it’s a short “e” sound. |
| Sherah: Right, and that’s what you hear in this example sentence when Ram says האוטובוס לקיבוץ יגור נמצא בחוץ בצד ימין. [emphasize the shva vowels on the prepositions.] |
| Amir: And if you add a -ה, the preposition is said with an “ah” vowel. |
| Sherah: This is also seen in the same sentence when Ram says בחוץ, which is “on the outside”. |
| Amir: In this one sentence, we covered two prefixed prepositions, but there are two more. |
| Sherah: There is another one in our dialogue, which is -מ. In the first line of the dialogue, Anna says ירדתי ממטוס עכשיו. “I got off a plane just now.” |
| Amir: The last prefixed preposition is -כ which means “as”. There aren’t any examples of this in the dialogue, so let’s give you our own example. אני יורד לשחק כרגיל. |
| Sherah: “I am going down to play as normal.” There is also an example of an independent preposition in the dialogue, just to show the difference. |
| Amir: Right, Ram says, יש שם שלט על האוטובוס. In this sentence, על is the preposition and it means “on”. |
| Sherah: Just to get you used to hearing these prepositions in the context of a sentence, Amir is going to give you an example sentence with each preposition, and I will give you the translation. |
| Amir: For example, אני יורד במשקל. |
| Sherah: “I am losing weight.” Technically, “I am going down in weight.” The preposition here is ב. |
| Amir: אני יורד לאילת. |
| Sherah: “I am going down to Eilat.” The preposition here is ל. |
| Amir: אני יורד מאוטובוס.. |
| Sherah: “I’m getting off a bus.” The preposition in this sentence is מ. |
| Amir: אני יורד לשחק כרגיל. |
| Sherah: “I am going down to play as normal.” And here, the preposition is כ. |
Outro |
|---|
| Sherah: Okay, well, that’s it for this lesson. Make sure you check the lesson notes, and we’ll see you next time! |
| Amir: להתראות! |
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