Learn how to use personal pronouns
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| INTRODUCTION | |
| Sherah: Hello and welcome to HebrewPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner Series Season 1, Lesson 12 - How to Use Hebrew Feminine Grammar. Iโm your host, Sherah! | |
| Amir: And Iโm Amir. | |
| Sherah: In this lesson, youโll learn how to use feminine grammar. | |
| Amir: The conversation takes place in Annaโs dorm room in the evening. | |
| Sherah: The conversation is between Anna, Ofir and Annaโs roommates. | |
| Amir: The speakers are friends, so theyโll be using informal Hebrew. | |
| Sherah: Letโs listen to the conversation | |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER | |
| Sherah: Well, I thought we should talk about timing in Israel... | |
| Amir: Iโm not sure I follow, what do you mean by that? | |
| Sherah: Well, the timing of major life events is a little different than in other countries. | |
| Amir: Oh, you mean like University and the army and such? | |
| Sherah: Exactly, when Israelis finish high school, they go on to do their army service, or their national service. Men serve for 3 years and women for two. | |
| Amir: The army or national service is something that is required for most of the population of Israel. | |
| Sherah: But because you have these 2-3 years in the army, the timing of life events like going to University is a little different from other countries. | |
| Amir: Right, in other countries you go to University when you are 18 or 19. In Israel, you go when youโre around 21 or 22. | |
| Sherah: Most people take a half year or year break to travel the world after the army, so this makes the timing even later. | |
| Amir: We usually donโt finish University until we are in our mid-20s, so we tend to marry later as well. | |
| Sherah: I think another thing is that almost all Israelis go to University or a college after the army, so later timing is pretty universal. | |
| Amir: Well, itโs extremely difficult to find a job without a degree in Israel, so most people choose to go to university. | |
| Sherah: And itโs not too expensive. Itโs quite a bit cheaper than studying in the States, but it is more expensive than in some European countries. | |
| Amir: I think the result is that we have a very different atmosphere in our Universities. | |
| Sherah: Thatโs true, the difference from 18 to 22 is usually pretty big. Well, now letโs move on to the vocabulary. | |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES | |
| Sherah: Letโs take a closer look at some of the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is ืืืชื. | |
| Amir: This word is found in the sentence ืืชื ืขืืืืืช ืืืืชื ืืงืื ืืงืืืืฅ and it means โthe sameโ | |
| Sherah: There are two words with this spelling, so you have to find the meaning from the context of the sentence. In this lesson, we are only talking about the ืืืชื that means โthe sameโ. | |
| Amir: This word needs to agree in gender with the noun is it modifying. ืืงืื is masculine, so you use ืืืชื. | |
| Sherah: There are 4 versions - ืืืชื, ืืืชื, ืืืชื and ืืืชื. What you use depends on the gender and number of what you are comparing. | |
| Amir: One phrase that we use a lot with this word is ืื ืืืชื ืืืจ or โitโs the same thingโ. | |
| Sherah: The next word we want to talk about is ืจืคืช. | |
| Amir: A โrefetโ is a dairy where they keep cows for milking. | |
| Sherah: In Israel, there are small โrefetsโ all over the country and they all sell their milk to the big dairy producers. | |
| Amir: In one village, you could have 2 or 3 โrefetsโ and on a kibbutz you would have one large one. | |
| Sherah: Our last word is ืืกืื and it means โmiserableโ or โwretchedโ. | |
| Amir: Israelis use this a lot when they feel sorry for someone, and then they will call that person ืืกืื. | |
| Sherah: You can also use this ironically if you are jealous that someone gets to do something fun that you donโt get to do. ืืกืื! Okay, now letโs move on to the Grammar. | |
Lesson focus |
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|---|---|
| Sherah: In this lesson, we will review using feminine grammar. This was one of the tougher things for me to pick up, just because I wasnโt used to having to separate everyone into male and female. | |
| Amir: Right, in English you donโt have that at all. | |
| Sherah: And in many European languages, you separate the nouns into genders, but when youโre talking to someone, you donโt have to think about whether they are male or female. | |
| Amir: Thatโs what makes Hebrew different, but it is similar in other semitic languages. Arabic also has similar grammar. | |
| Sherah: So, what we want to review in this lesson is feminine grammar, or the grammar that you use when you are talking to one or more girls or women. | |
| Amir: Letโs start out with what Ofir asks the girls, ืื ืืชื ืขืฉืืชื ืืืื? | |
| Sherah: Because Ofir is talking to all women, he uses the pronoun ืืชื and the feminine plural ending -ืชื on ืขืฉืืชื. Letโs take this sentence and change it to a singular โyouโ ืืช. | |
| Amir: Then the sentence would be ืื ืืช ืขืฉืืช ืืืื? | |
| Sherah: And if we wanted to ask what โtheyโ did, when โtheyโ is all women... | |
| Amir: ืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืืื?. | |
| Sherah: With this last sentence, you use the pronoun ืื, but the verb ืขืฉื is used for both ืื and ืื. So, for the masculine and the feminine. | |
| Amir: Right, the hardest one to remember is the second person โyouโ plural in the feminine because thatโs the version youโll use the least. | |
| Sherah: Right, it only takes one man to change the grammar, and then you have to use ืืชื. | |
| Amir: Thatโs exactly why you use it so little. | |
| Sherah: So letโs listen to some examples to get used to the feminine plural pattern. Weโll give you sentences for ืืชื and then sentences for ืื. Weโll give you one sample sentence for the present, the past, and then the future for each. Take it away Amir. | |
| Amir: Okay, first sentence - ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื | |
| Sherah: You have to come to class on time. | |
| Amir: ืืชื ืืืืชื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื. | |
| Sherah: You were in my class yesterday. | |
| Amir: ืืชื ืชืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืขืจื ืืืื. | |
| Sherah: You will cook dinner today. | |
| Amir: ืื ืจืฆืืช ืืืจืืฅ. | |
| Sherah: They are running in the race. | |
| Amir: ืื ืืืื ืืงื ืืื. | |
| Sherah: They were at the mall. | |
| Amir: ืื ืืืืื ื ืื | |
| Sherah: โThey will believe him.โ There are so many little things in the grammar that change from past, to present, to future. Sometimes the verbs are the same as with other pronouns and sometimes the verbs are different from all other pronouns. | |
| Amir: My tip is to write down all the different conjugations of a verb to see the patterns throughout the language. | |
| Sherah: I know that that really helped me. Iโm the type of person who benefits from seeing the structure of things. | |
Outro |
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| Sherah: Okay, well, thatโs it for this lesson. Thanks for listening, everyone! | |
| Amir: Make sure you check the lesson notes, and weโll see you for the next lesson. ืืืชืจืืืช | |
| Sherah: Bye! |
11 Comments
HideHi everyone, what did you do today?
Hi ืงืืืื,
Thanks for posting and for sharing! sounds like a nice chilled day ๐๐
Note that "we are resting" is "ืื ืื ื ื ืืืช" (from the verb "ืื ืื"ืช you've translated ืื as "ืืชืจืขืืืช" - which unfortunately isn't a word...๐)
Note also that "ืื ืื ื ืฆืจืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืงืืช ืืฉืงืคื ืืฉืืฉ." can be either "ืื ืื ื ืฆืจืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืงืืช ืืฉืงืคื ืฉืืฉ." without an article (and without "ืืช") OR "ืื ืื ื ืฆืจืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืงืืช ืืช ืืฉืงืคื ืืฉืืฉ." (with and with). The first option "ืืงืืช ืืฉืงืคื ืฉืืฉ" is the more natural one, as you're not necessarily talking about a specific pair...
Great work! It's a pleasure to see you improving with every comment! โค๏ธ๏ธ๐๐
Roi
Team HebrewPod101.com
ืืืื ืื ืขืฉืืชื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืื. ืื ืืืืจืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืช ืฉืืื, ืื ืื ืจืฆื ืืฆืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื . ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืขืืฉืื ืื ืื ื ืืชืจืขืืืช. ืืืื ืืืจ ืื ื ืฆื. ืื ืื ื ืฆืจืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืงืืช ืืฉืงืคื ืืฉืืฉ. ๐
Hi Darren,
Thanks for posting!
Well, you're not hearing things, this is actually the case. This is an example for a Hebrew word that's often not pronounced according to how it 'really' should... This happens in Hebrew sometimes, and it raises a question that's relevant for Hebrew speakers, learners, and teachers - what is eventually 'correct'? what people say or the way words should be said according to the rules?
We teach the 'correct way', of course, but it may happen once in a while that some mismatches with the audio would occur, as our speakers in the recordings are so used to the 'street' pronunciation...
I hope this is not too confusing, please let me know if further clarification is needed.
Yours,
Roi
Team HebrewPod101.com
I feel like most of the time, when I hear the word ืืื ืืืจืกืืื , the first syllable sounds more like "oh" then "oo": Oh-niversita. Am I just hearing things?
Hi Brian,
good job! I only have a few corrections for your sentence:
ืืืื ืื ื ืืฉื ืชื ืขื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืงืจ. ืื ื ืืืืชื ืืจืืืช ืืืงืจ ืืืืืชื ืขืืจืืช
Sounds like a nice productive day. Keep on enjoying Hebrew!
Idit
Team Hebrewpod101.com
ืืืื ืื ื ืืฉืืชื ืขื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืงืจ. ืื ื ืืืืืชื ืืจืืืช ืืืงืจ ืืืืืืชื ืขืืจืืช
Today I slept until 8am. I ate breakfast and studied Hebrew.
Hi Fatma Elias,
Thank you for posting :smile:
ืืืฆื ืืืคื means "exceptional" or "extraordinary", so the phrase ืืฆืืจื ืืืฆืืช ืืืคื means "in an extraordinary way".
ืืืฆื ืืืคื literally means "comes out the side", and it came from ancient Rabbinic literature, where it referred to people who were born in a c-section. You didn't see that coming, did you? :wink:
Keep enjoying Hebrew!
Sincerely,
Yaara,
Team HebrewPod101.com
ืฉืืื
ืืื ืืืฉืืขืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืืช ืืืคื
I looked at dictionary for meaning and could not find it
The sentence was translated as today was extraordinary hot day!!
ืชืืื ืจืื
Shalom Thomas Cole,
Thank you so much for you comment and feedback.
Great having you here.:smile:
Please let us know if you have any questions,
Happy Hebrew learning,
Lenny
Team HebrewPod101.com
good lesson-thanks!