Learn how to use the words "having" and "lacking" in a construct state
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah:Hello and welcome back to Hebrewpod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, Season 1, Lesson 19 - What an Amazing Israeli Voice! I’m your host, Sherah! |
| Amir:And I’m Amir. |
| Sherah:In this lesson, you'll learn to use the Hebrew words for “having” and “lacking”. |
| Amir:The conversation takes place in a concert hall. |
| Sherah:It’s between Gadi and Ma’ayan. |
| Amir:The speakers are family, and they’ll be using informal Hebrew. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah:Classical music is very popular in Israel. Some say it’s more popular than other places in the Western world. |
| Amir:Yes, we have a few major conservatories in Israel for classical musicians and vocalists. These are based in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. |
| Sherah:There are many orchestras and vocal groups around the country dedicated to performing classical music. |
| Amir:And we also have a classical radio station that plays both local concerts and classical music recordings. |
| Sherah:There is one opera, and that's located in Tel Aviv. It features both Israeli and international opera singers. |
| Amir:There are also many classical music festivals that happen throughout the year in Israel. |
| Sherah:Right, one that I've sung at is the Abu Gosh festival. This is a popular festival for vocal music that occurs in two churches in Abu Gosh. |
| Amir:The festival occurs twice a year and brings thousands of people to Abu Gosh, which is a village that lies outside of Jerusalem. |
| Sherah:It’s really quite an experience. |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah:Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word we want to talk about is נפלא. |
| Amir:This means “wonderful” or “marvelous”. |
| Sherah:This word is related to the noun פלא, and this means “wonder” or even “miracle”. |
| Amir:The next word we want to talk about is יכולת, and this means “ability” or “capability”. |
| Sherah:Right, this is a verbal noun derived from the modal verb יכול. |
| Amir:יכולת usually follows יש or אין because you usually talk about having or not having an ability. |
| Sherah:And it’s usually followed by a verb in the infinitive. |
| Amir:We have two examples of this for you. The first one is יש לה יכולת להתמודד |
| Sherah:This means "she has the ability to cope." The second example is אין לו יכולת לרקוד meaning "He doesn’t have the ability to dance." |
| Amir:Was that pointed at me? |
| Sherah:Ha ha! No! Let’s move on to the next word and that is להופיע. |
| Amir:להופיע means “to appear” or “to show up”. |
| Sherah:This verb can be used in a few different ways. You can use it to talk about someone who appears on the stage for a performance. |
| Amir:Right, an example of this would be שרון מופיעה בהופעה עם גידי גוב meaning "Sharon is appearing in a concert with with Gidi Gov." |
| Sherah:It can also be used to talk about someone who suddenly appears or unexpectedly appears. |
| Amir:Right, so an example of this would be הוא הופיע אתמול במסיבה |
| Sherah:And that would be translated as “He showed up yesterday at the party.” Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Sherah:In this lesson you’ll learn about using the words בעל for “having” and חסר or “lacking” in a construct state. |
| Amir:Combined with another noun, בעל conveys the meaning of having something. |
| Sherah:And חסר conveys the meaning of lacking something. |
| Amir:When these phrases are used to describe someone in the present tense, there's no verb included in the sentence. |
| Sherah:In the sample sentence, Ma’ayan talked about how the singer is tremendously capable. |
| Amir:The sample sentence is היא בעלת יכולת אדירה בשירה, and the phrase we want to focus on is בעלת יכולת אדירה |
| Sherah:The words בעל and חסר must agree with the subject in number and gender, so this is why Ma’ayan used בעלת instead of בעל. |
| Amir:בעלת is the feminine singular form in the construct state, or as we call it in Hebrew, smichut. |
| Sherah:Right, the four forms for בעל in a smichut are בעל, בעלת, בעלי and בעלות. |
| Amir:The forms are the same as for other nouns that are the first noun in a smichut. |
| Sherah:Let’s go back to our phrase, we have בעלת יכולת אדירה. |
| Amir:בעלת is paired with יכולת to make a smichut that means “capable” or “having ability”. |
| Sherah:The last word of the phrase is אדירה, which is an adjective meaning “tremendous”. |
| Amir:Here אדירה agrees with the second word of the phrase, יכולת, and for that reason, it’s in the feminine singular form. |
| Sherah:Later in the conversation, Ma’ayan used the antonym of בעל, which is חסר or “lacking”. |
| Amir:The sentence she says is נגן הצ'לו חסר ניסיון. |
| Sherah:The smichut here is חסר ניסיון, and it means "inexperienced" or “lacking experience”. |
| Amir:חסר agrees with the subject in the masculine singular. |
| Sherah:If the subject was feminine, the smichut would have been חסרת ניסיון. |
| Amir:And in the masculine plural חסרי נסיון. The feminine plural is חסרות נסיון. |
| Sherah:So, let’s look at some example sentences using בעל and חסר in the four different forms. Amir will give the Hebrew, and I'll give the English. |
| Amir:הילד בעל ביטחון עצמי . |
| Sherah:"The boy is self assured." |
| Amir:הילדה בעלת ביטחון עצמי. |
| Sherah:"The girl is self assured." |
| Amir:הפועלים חסרי השכלה |
| Sherah:"The workers are uneducated." |
| Amir:הנשים בעלות השפעה |
| Sherah:"The women are influential." |
Outro |
|---|
| Sherah:Ok, that’s all for this lesson. Come see us at HebrewPod101.com and talk to us about what you’ve learned here. |
| Amir:Thanks for being with us, everyone, |
| Sherah:Bye! |
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